A masters degree in quantitative finance concerns the application of mathematical methods to the solution of problems in financial economics. There are several like-titled degrees which may further focus on financial engineering, financial risk management, computational finance and/or mathematical finance. In general, these degrees aim to prepare students for roles as "quants" (quantitative analysts), including analysis, structuring, trading, and investing; in particular, these degrees emphasize derivatives and fixed income, and the hedging and management of the resultant market and credit risk. Formal masters-level training in quantitative finance has existed only for the last 20 years. Structure The curriculum builds quantitative skills, and simultaneously develops the underlying finance theory. The quantitative component draws on applied mathematics, computer science and statistics - and emphasizes stochastic calculus, numerical methods and simulation techniques ; some programs also focus on econometrics / time series analysis . The theory component usually includes a formal study of financial economics, addressing asset pricing and financial markets; some programs may also include general coverage of economics, accounting, corporate finance and portfolio management . The components are then integrated, addressing the modelling, valuation and hedging of equity derivatives, commodity derivatives, Foreign exchange derivatives, and fixed income instruments and their related credit- and interest rate derivatives. Some programs also cover quantitative portfolio management and construction . See List of finance topics: Financial mathematics. The title of the degree will depend on emphasis , the major differences between programs being the curriculum’s distribution between mathematical theory, quantitative techniques and financial applications . The more theoretically oriented degrees are usually termed “Masters in Mathematical Finance” or “Masters in Financial Mathematics” while those oriented toward practice are termed “Masters in Financial Engineering” (MFE or MSFE), “Masters in Computational Finance” (MSCF), or sometimes , simply "Masters in Finance" (MFin). “Masters in Quantitative Finance” is the more general degree title, although "MQF" degrees are often less theoretical. The practice oriented programs are often positioned as professional degrees (and in the United States, are sometimes offered as Professional Science Masters ). The program is usually one to one and a half years in duration, and may additionally include a thesis component. Entrance requirements are generally multivariable calculus, linear algebra, differential equations and some exposure to computer programming (usually C++) ; programs emphasizing financial mathematics may require some background in Measure theory.

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